The author gives a picture of the image of the Soviet Union held by groups of various political trends in Hungary during the Horthy era, from the communists to the various bourgeois ideologies and the Hungarian fascists. His main conclusion is that it is not the scale at which the Soviet Union was rejected but rather its nature what divided the various forces. He stresses that for a long time to come, not the liberalism rejecting dictatorial rule is the main opposition of the forces of socialism: they are on the same side in their opposition to the conservative, nationalistic dictatorships.