Is there a real extreme right-wing danger in Germany? The author is of the opinion that there are neo-fascist phenomena. After enumerating such events, he criticizes the opportunism of the press in belittling such phenomena. He describes the groups in contemporary Germany that can be termed as neo-fascist and the specific characteristics of their operation. Today, these groups are at the stage of assessing the mood and the article describes some of the methods of that testing. He also discusses some of the causes of the spreading of extreme rightism, especially those which in the former GDR prepared the ground for neo-fascism.