In connection with the first Hungarian publication of the book by the late "father" of neoliberalism called Road to serfdom, the reviewer discusses the topicality of Hayek's ideas. He regards it as important that during the domination of fascism and Stalinism, Hayek discussed his ideas strongly opposed to the state in defence of democracy. Andor points out Hayek's inconsistency when he fails to extend his correct criticism of despotism to the conditions inside the factory, i.e. economic despotism. At the same time, he underlines the applicability of Hayek's ideas against the trends of monopoly and concentration of the international economy.