The author gives a picture of the image of the Soviet Union held by groups of various political trends in Hungary during the Horthy era, from the communists to the various bourgeois ideologies and the Hungarian fascists. His main conclusion is that it is not the scale at which the Soviet Union was rejected but rather its nature what divided the various forces. He stresses that for a long time to come, not the liberalism rejecting dictatorial rule is the main opposition of the forces of socialism: they are on the same side in their opposition to the conservative, nationalistic dictatorships.

This document is an abbreviated publication of the statement with which the already united Trotski and Kameniev-Zinoviev groups tried in the last minute to stop Stalin's dictatorship to absolutely prevail in Russian society. In the parts published, the authors launch an attack against the capitalist elements of the NEP period and the Stalinist-bureaucratic features which are termed as intertwined with the above, and they try to obstruct the turn that pushes the workers again to a complete state of subordination.

In this short paper the author replaces the alternative of state and/or private property by the basically new solution – the need to build the workers' councils as a system.

The author refers to concrete examples (the workers' councils of 1956 and partly the present Soviet experiments) and states that the establishment of the forms of workers' ownership is not only desirable but also possible.