The article unfolds the critique of modernisation through presenting the historiography of the Indian workers, and seeks to answer the question: what theoretical framework is needed for social scientific thinking to be perspective. It provides a complex picture of the differences between the Indian work culture and the world of metropolises. Embedded in the centre-periphery structure, it illustrates the development of labour, which has deviated from liberal models.

Although some still refer to Mexico as a success story, there is a growing consensus that the free trade experiment, did not meet the expectations. According to the promises of the advocates of free trade, Mexico should have already harvested the fruits of liberalisation. Well, she did not. 

The Zapatist revolt, which has started a decade ago, is a local movement and a kind of spiritual and practical alternative to globalisation at the same time. The Zapatistas continually search for those theoretical and practical solutions that help the local strengthening of the movement.

The study analyses the critical labour narratives of the system change, pointing out that these question the official categories of transitology, even though the critique of the ..existing capitalism" – as experienced in the Raba Factory – did not lead to the rejection of capitalism as a social system. The consistently inconsistent" views of the workers are the expressions of those contradictions as the workers experience ..transition". 

What happens in Brasil also has a significant geopolitical and world economical consequence. The question is whether the government of Luiz Inacio Silva ("Lula"), who became president in 2002 as the candidate of the leftist Party of Workers will be able to uphold its policies against the neoliberal forces.