Democracy for the Third World is likely to become a flag for continued exploitation and oppression of the South by the North, for as long as lack of democracy remains for the world economy as a whole, political democracy in any part of the world can be of limited scope at best. A realistic prospect is the growing threat to countries, regions and peoples to be marginalized. A dual economy and society on a global scale seems now to be in the process of formation in the world system. The present day changes in Eastern Europe through which its people aspire to join the "First" World now also threaten instead to place them to the Third one. The problem cannot be solved by the finally sure fire snake oil remedies that are being ideologically sold and bought, i.e. privatisation and political democracy.

In connection with the changing of the name of the Italian Communist Party, the author argues in favour of keeping the name "communist". Naturally with new contents, but she considers the communist ideals to be suitable – despite their compromise in Eastern Europe – for integrating the various left wing endeavours in the future (including the women's movements, students' movements, environmental protection movements, etc.)

In connection with the collapse of socialism, the author discusses the reality of the establishment of a self-government model which she thinks is no less realistic than the strongly criticised state socialism, or the recapitalisation experiment which holds out at least as grave dangers for Eastern Europe.