The article unfolds the critique of modernisation through presenting the historiography of the Indian workers, and seeks to answer the question: what theoretical framework is needed for social scientific thinking to be perspective. It provides a complex picture of the differences between the Indian work culture and the world of metropolises. Embedded in the centre-periphery structure, it illustrates the development of labour, which has deviated from liberal models.

Amasonia experiences significant changes, especially from growing public pressure felt mostly by the institutions of public administration. Relationships with state and federal representatives, however, still have an authoritarian or patron-client nature. This policy has a negative effect on the resolution of ecological and social matters.

Although some still refer to Mexico as a success story, there is a growing consensus that the free trade experiment, did not meet the expectations. According to the promises of the advocates of free trade, Mexico should have already harvested the fruits of liberalisation. Well, she did not. 

The Zapatist revolt, which has started a decade ago, is a local movement and a kind of spiritual and practical alternative to globalisation at the same time. The Zapatistas continually search for those theoretical and practical solutions that help the local strengthening of the movement.

What happens in Brasil also has a significant geopolitical and world economical consequence. The question is whether the government of Luiz Inacio Silva ("Lula"), who became president in 2002 as the candidate of the leftist Party of Workers will be able to uphold its policies against the neoliberal forces.