This study explores the history of women's and gender studies in higher education in Central Eastern Europe and the post-Soviet space since the early 1990s. It describes the interests – rooted in academic and non-academic contexts – of a whole variety of transnational and political actors and academics on the ground and relates them to the process of transforming higher education. The study highlights why and how varying transnational and local hegemonic constellations were conducive to the institutional development of women's and gender studies, while at the same time severely restricting the unfolding of their critical political potential.

Hungarian family law and the struggle for "gender order", 1848-1913The study contains three main theses: the idea that there was a need for ‘legal stability' in Hungary was a construction of positivist legal science, bound up with the idea of the (legally) unified nation state; legal and religious pluralism in Hungary posed a huge problem for legal science, especially when it came to developing a state-regulated family law; the process of "clarifying" and "stabilising" family law was at the same time a process of "clarifying" and "stabilising" gendered power relations within the family. The study argues that the inability of the state to complete this project was in fact symptomatic of deep uncertainties over the social roles of men and women, and multiple/competing definitions of both law and patriarchal power.

The author critically analyses and sums up the main points in Lenin's Marxism the ones that contributed to the development of Marxism in the 20^th Century. The relationship of dialectics, theory and practice, that was in focus of Lenin's theoretical thinking, is not dead but a relevant historical lesson. The article gives an overview of Lenin's general approach, history perception and the starting points and conclusions, contradictions and the relevance to the present of Lenin's thoughts on revolution and socialism. "Lenin's heritage" is a centre of evil to many of the representatives of the ruling ideology, with a solid ground in fact, since this heritage cannot be integrated by the promoters of the capitalist system, because it is a clear social alternative against capitalism. The progressive and forward looking elements of Lenin's Marxism – after getting rid of the "Marxism-Leninism" of Stalinism and post-Stalinism – has been integrated into the further development of Marxism by Gramsci, Lukács and many others.

The article is only available in Hungarian. You can order a copy of the issue.

The essay of the Marx researcher has deep thoughts: first it confronts the systematisation of the heritage of the founding father with the openness of dialectics; second, he sees that political needs won over science in the reception in Russia. Facts of social practice have been replaced by the needs of scientific analysis as it happened with Kautsky – contrary to the efforts made by Gramsci at the same time.

It had a revelation to read and "discover" Gramsci in Hungary in the 1970s but since than there is undue silence about him although the 70^th anniversary of his death launched a new wave of research into his theoretical and political grand oeuvre.

The article is only available in Hungarian. You can order a copy of the issue.