Category Archives: Former issues

Who milks profit? or can a milk bag fail? – Microeconomics for grown up children

The writing attempts to present economic relationships said to be difficult to understand as simple and transparent relationships. By doing so it depicts the types of praying for food and profits. It translates economic categories: instead of using academic categories for argumentation it uses common terms in order to increase the chances of the public for an insight.

The article is only available in Hungarian. You can order a copy of the issue.

Lenin and the Russian intelligentsia – Overview on the history of the “philisopher’s ship”

Based on archive documents, the Russian author reconstructs how and on what considerations Lenin and Bolshevik leaders sent representatives of the former Russian intelligentsia into exile in 1922. Expelling the enemies of the revolution – from Berdyaev to Sorokin – had historical roots, several groups of the Russian intelligentsia were supporting the authoritarian regime against the 1905 Russian Revolution and after 1917 many of them – like Sergei Bulgakov or Peter Struve – actually supported the Whites and later waged a "class-war" against the new intelligentsia of the Soviet power. Although, the exile probably saved their life by escaping from Stalin's oppression but the traditional Russian culture still suffered a great loss.

The article is only available in Hungarian. You can order a copy of the issue.

No. 72 | (Winter 2006)

Having the 50th anniversary of the 1956 uprising, this issue of Eszmélet focuses on interpreting its events. The selection of articles was influenced by the fact that almost all aspects of official commemorations failed to mention the anti-capitalist, socialist and self-governing colour of the events. Books published, conferences and events organised for the anniversary – to serve the legitimation of the present system – emphasized the role of bourgeois, openly anti-socialist forces and classified them as "revolutionary". Because of this, our articles probably present a more differentiated picture both in political and theoretical sense. The one dimensional presentation of the "sorrowful October events" whether we call it revolution, counter-revolution or (popular) uprising does not led to proper theory and methodology. Eszmélet has the mission to show the colours not presented or distorted by others. On the one hand, the official classification in the Kádár regime was a "fascist counter-revolution" exaggerating the events on Köztársaság square, on the other hand, recently only bourgeois democratic elements are emphasized or even the current lead by Mindszenty is put in the front as it were part of the democratic movements. Eszmélet wants to present parts of the whole and the whole in parts.
Further articles address different issues ranging from social policy through the ideology of the (extreme) right political forces in the Baltic states, the 1981 Polish crisis to the Hungarist devotedness of the " rediscovered" Transylvanian writer count Albert Wass.
Table of contents
  1. Tütő László : 1956 as a language problem
  2. Mark Pittaway : Rethinking the Hungarian Revolution: Industrial Workers, the Disintegration and Reconstruction of Socialism, 1953-1958
  3. Krausz Tamás : About the 1956 workers councils
  4. Dobos Gábor : Reasons of the soviet military intervention based on documents of CPSU Central Committee
  5. Dömény János : 1956 and the Hispanic world
  6. Lugosi Győző : 1956 and interstate relationships in the cold war system On Charles Gati: Failed Illusions: Moscow, Washington, Budapest and the 1956 Hungarian Revolt
  7. Bartha Eszter : The film on Mansfeld and those who reject it
  8. Thoma László : An accurate handbook On Political transition in Hungary 1987-1990 by Zoltán Ripp
  9. Kéri Elemér : Capitalism – Japanese style On Japanese road /conditions/ I-II by Bertalan Pethő)
  10. Marcello Musto : Karl Marx: indiscreet fascination of the unfinished On Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe
  11. Mitrovits Miklós : The eve of introducing the martial law in Poland, December 1981 (a historic document: the “notebook” of General Viktor Anoshkin)
  12. Artner Annamária : Chances of employment policy in respect of labour market laws
  13. Ékes Ildikó : Economic theories and the changing world
  14. Efraim Zuroff : Eastern Europe: anti-Semitism in the wake of holocaust-related issues
  15. Nagy László : Albert Wass and hungarism
  16. Polonyi Péter : Dear editors,

China: Rural problems and uneven development

The study gives detailed data on questions of demography, labour migration and unemployment in China. "What concerns market economy and privatisation, the present tendency is in fact the establishing of a competitive economic structure, and making optimal resource allocation by market forces. But … how can hundreds of millions of rural inhabitants integrate to the market? How can they become potential competitors? If it is a ‘rule of nature' that stronger ones inevitably exclude all losers from competition then it is very likely that those losers will come from rural areas." .

New development of consumerism in Chinese society in the late 1990s

The economic crisis about 2000 has not left China intact – its exports decreased relevantly both in volume and value. Chinese authorities opted for stimulating domestic demand to counterweight the unfavourable developments, which required establishing consumer mentality for Chinese people. "It became the first time in the history of China that the idea of consumption received full moral support. Consumer behaviour developed into national ideology." On the other hand, Chinese are increasingly realising that the gap between the poor fighting for daily survival and the rich consuming luxury goods is getting wider in their society still called ‘socialism'.