This study reveals an area of the holocaust, which is less discussed in the scientific literature in Hungary. The Nazis set up ghettos in the occupied soviet areas immediately. The author presents the conditions of establishing these ghettos, their way of operation and movingly depicts their life: the hardships facing inmates, and what could they achieve concerning education and health care.

The coexistence of Christian minority nations and the majority Muslim population in the area of the Ottoman Empire suffered from bloody conflicts, after the nationalist movements started to emerge in the Balkan at the end of the 18th century influenced also by the intervention of great powers. The problem know as the Eastern Question, also involved the Armenian question, which received more weight in the second half of the 19th century, leading to the lethal politics of deportations in 1915 killing hundreds of thousands of people.

Some people are preparing for establishing self-supply of food and energy for their families, smaller or larger local communities. We could interpret it on a broader horizon that they are preparing for the state default or looking at it from a more general approach for the system defaulting.