The author is confronting the opinions claiming that the changes in social structures of the recent years and decades lead to the end of social democracy. Quoting a number of documents and politicians, he illustrates how individual parties and their leaders answered the new challenges in Western Europe, and to what extent the various programmes insist upon the traditions and historic achievements of the century old movement.

Among many reports about the infamous camps of the Stalinist Soviet Union there have been very few attempts to define the economic role of these institutions. Our analysis provides some new information about the camps and analyses their historic antecedents as well as economicv policy linkages.

An outstanding left-wing politician of Europe, whose political career showed the opposite tendency to that of many others. Having assumed ministership, he radicalised instead of becoming opportunistic, and turned towards the working class instead of locking himself into the corridirs of power.

Tony Benn submitted a bill to the House of Commons about a future Commonwealth of Europe, which would be significantly more democratic and human than the European Union designed by the Maastricht Treaty.

A comparative survey of unemplyment experiences of Argentina, the Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. The ambiguity of unemployment in the criteria for evaluating the performance of policy-makers and three different cultures among unemployed are outlined. An overview of what is known about the consequences of unemployment in terms of excess iollness and mortality is given.